Speaker
Description
Identifying the astrophysical sources of high-energy cosmic neutrinos remains a central challenge in multi-messenger astronomy. Following the association of a 290 TeV neutrino detected by IceCube with the flaring blazar TXS 0506+056, theoretical studies have focused on modelling the photon–neutrino connection in blazars. We present a computational framework combining advanced particle-interaction simulations and statistical analysis methods to investigate neutrino emission from High-frequency-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs). The LeHa-Paris numerical code is employed to simulate photomeson interactions and radiative processes, enabling the computation of leptonic and hadronic contributions to the blazar Spectral Energy Distribution (SED), including the neutrino component. Starting from the well-characterized case of PKS 2155−304, a methodology is developed to compute neutrino flux templates, optimized with LeHa-Paris, for a subsample of HBLs from the 3HSP Catalogue. Thereafter, these predictions are coupled with a binned likelihood stacking analysis designed for KM3NeT/ARCA, a deep-sea Cherenkov detector under construction in the Mediterranean Sea and capable of observing neutrinos across an energy range from 100 GeV to multi-PeV. Its configurations with 6, 8, 19, and 21 instrumented detection units are analyzed, allowing for the comparison of simulated neutrino spectra with KM3NeT/ARCA data. The pipeline is aimed at enhancing sensitivity to cumulative neutrino signals beyond what is achievable from individual sources alone, thereby enabling possible connections between blazar emission models and neutrino observations.
