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Dr Balabek Sargsyan (Yerevan Physics Institute)
We examine the energy spectra of secondary particles linked to solar events to identify and classify Forbush decreases (FD), ground-level enhancements (GLE), and magnetospheric effects (ME) detected by particle detector networks on Earth's surface.
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We present energy spectra of neutrons related to the magnetospheric effect observed on November 5, 2023, and the GLE on May 11, 2024.
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Dr MARIA LIVADA (UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS)
On October 10-11, 2024, a severe geomagnetic storm (G4) was recorded during the 25th soral cycle accompanied by a Forbush decrease in galactic cosmic ray intensity. In this study, a detailed analysis of this severe event in regard to the accompanying solar activity, interplanetary conditions and solar energetic particle events is provided. The Forbush decrease during this storm is analyzed....
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Lasse Hertle (Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research)
Hydrological monitoring using cosmic ray neutrons is strongly dependent on heliospheric and geomagnetic conditions. To correct for changes in the heliosphere, the most common approach is to use neutron monitor data. Multiple neutron monitor-based correction methods have been proposed. The derivation, inherent assumptions, and limitations of these methods were examined and a novel method...
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Olga Kryakunova (Institute of Ionosphere)
Based on measurements of magnetospheric electron fluxes with energies >2 MeV in geostationary orbits, solar wind velocity, and geomagnetic activity for the period 1995-2023, a catalog of electron enhancements in which the electron fluence exceeds dangerous level has been compiled. For the events of this catalog, disturbances of interplanetary space have been determined, after which...
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Maria Papailiou (University of Athens), Maria Abunina (IZMIRAN)
Precursors (pre – decreases/pre – increases of the cosmic ray intensity) are observed preceding Forbush decreases. The Cosmic Ray Groups of NKUA and IZMIRAN have studied large Forbush decreases (magnitude > 5%) accompanied by geomagnetic storms (i.e., Dst < -100 nT and 5 ≤ Kp-index ≤ 9) regarding precursors. The threshold value of the equatorial anisotropy one hour before the onset of the...
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Eleni Natalia Proimou (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens)
This study presents a statistical analysis of various properties of all recorded until now Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) events, focusing on their association with solar sources. Specifically, we examine the time difference between the onset of the solar flare and the onset of GLE events as well as the correlation between GLE occurrence and amplitude with the main solar flare...
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Xenophon Moussas (Department of Astrophysics, Astronomy and Mechanics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens)
We have studied the sympathetic flares detected by the GOES satellites during the solar period 1975–2017 (i.e., solar cycles 21–24). We found 2204 sympathetic solar flares out of all 77604. The frequency of the occurrence of sympathetic flares depends on the solar cycle activity. The number of sympathetic solar flares increases with the increase in solar activity and decreases as solar...
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Dr Tigran Karapetyan (Yerevan Physics Institute)
The variations in cosmic-ray intensity, measured by ground-based detectors at various latitudes, longitudes, and altitudes, are associated with disturbances in the interplanetary magnetic field near Earth. When these variations interact with the magnetosphere, they cause worldwide Forbush decreases (FD), followed by a gradual recovery. The extent of the flux depletion depends on the type and...
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